Las mejoras e innovación de nuevos materiales que los ingenieros realizan no serían posibles sin el monitoreo y control en la calidad de sus propiedades. Y son estas propiedades quienes definen su estructura interna que consecuentemente da origen a las bondades de cada producto.
Los plásticos son aislantes del calor y de la electricidad. Sus densidades son bajas. El peso molecular y grado de polimerización juegan un papel importante para muchas de sus propiedades. En general podemos clasificar sus propiedades en: mecánicas, térmicas, físicas, eléctricas y ópticas. A continuación puede encontrar un listado con las pruebas más comunes:
| Norma | Descripción |
|---|---|
| ASTM D3763 | Standard Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors |
| ASTM D1004 | Standard Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of Plastic Film and Sheeting |
| ASTM D1044 | Standard Test Method for Resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion by the Taber Abraser |
| ASTM D1045 | Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Plasticizers Used in Plastics |
| ASTM D1238 | Standard Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion Plastometer |
| ASTM D1242 | Standard Test Methods for Resistance of Plastic Materials to Abrasion (withdraw 2004) |
| ASTM D149 | Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies |
| ASTM D150 | Standard Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation |
| ASTM D1525 | Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics |
| ASTM D1603 | Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Content in Olefin Plastics |
| ASTM D1709 | Standard Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastic Film by the Free-Falling Dart Method |
| ASTM D1894 | Standard Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting |
| ASTM D1895 | Standard Test Methods for Apparent Density, Bulk Factor, and Pourability of Plastic Materials |
| ASTM D1922 | Standard Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method |
| ASTM D2240 | Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness |
| ASTM D2457 | Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and Solid Plastics |
| ASTM D256 | Standard Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastics |
| ASTM D2565 | Standard Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Outdoor Applications |
| ASTM D257 | Standard Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials |
| ASTM D2583 | Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor |
| ASTM D2857 | Standard Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers |
| ASTM D3364 | Standard Test Method for Flow Rates for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) with Molecular Structural Implications |
| ASTM D3389 | Standard Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Platform Abrader) |
| ASTM D3417 | Standard Specification for Polyethylene Terephthalate Film and Sheeting |
| ASTM D3418 | Standard Test Method for Transition Temperatures and Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry |
| ASTM D3575 | Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials Made from Olefin Polymers |
| ASTM D3702 | Standard Test Method for Wear Rate and Coefficient of Friction of Materials in Self-Lubricated Rubbing Contact Using a Thrust Washer Testing Machine |
| ASTM D3835 | Standard Test Method for Determination of Properties of Polymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary Rheometer |
| ASTM D395 | Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set |
| ASTM D4060 | Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser |
| ASTM D4065 | Standard Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: Determination and Report of Procedures |
| ASTM D4329 | Standard Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus Exposure of Plastics |
| ASTM D4459 | Standard Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Indoor Applications |
| ASTM D4587 | Standard Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings |
| ASTM D523 | Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss |
| ASTM D5279 | Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion |
| ASTM D5379 | Standard Test Method for Shear Properties of Composite Materials by the V-Notched Beam Method |
| ASTM D542 | Standard Test Method for Index of Refraction of Transparent Organic Plastics |
| ASTM D5630 | Standard Test Method for Ash Content in Plastics |
| ASTM D6290 | Standard Test Method for Color Determination of Plastic Pellets |
| ASTM D638 | Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics |
| ASTM D648 | Standard Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position |
| ASTM D6869 | Standard Test Method for Coulometric and Volumetric Determination of Moisture in Plastics Using the Karl Fischer Reaction (the Reaction of Iodine with Water) |
| ASTM D695 | Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics |
| ASTM D696 | Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between -30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer |
| ASTM D732 | Standard Test Method for Shear Strength of Plastics by Punch Tool |
| ASTM D751 | Standard Test Methods for Coated Fabrics |
| ASTM D785 | Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials |
| ASTM D790 | Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials |
| ASTM D792 | Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement |
| ASTM E1131 | Standard Test Method for Compositional Analysis by Thermogravimetry |
| ASTM E1252 | Standard Practice for General Techniques for Obtaining Infrared Spectra for Qualitative Analysis |
| ASTM E1347 | Standard Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry |
| ASTM E1356 | Standard Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry |
| ASTM E1545 | Standard Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis |
| ASTM E308 | Standard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System |
| ASTM E313 | Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates |
| ASTM E831 | Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis |
| ASTM G155 | Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials |
| ISO 1133 | Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate (MVR) of thermoplastics — Part 1: Standard method |
| ISO 11357 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) |
| ISO 11357-1 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 1: General principles |
| ISO 11357-2 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 2: Determination of glass transition temperature and step height |
| ISO 11357-3 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 3: Determination of temperature and enthalpy of melting and crystallization |
| ISO 11357-4 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 4: Determination of specific heat capacity |
| ISO 11357-5 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 5: Determination of characteristic reaction-curve temperatures and times, enthalpy of reaction and degree of conversion |
| ISO 11357-6 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 6: Determination of oxidation induction time (isothermal OIT) and oxidation induction temperature (dynamic OIT) |
| ISO 11357-7 | Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 7: Determination of crystallization kinetics |
| ISO 11358 | Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers |
| ISO 11358-1 | Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers — Part 1: General principles |
| ISO 11358-2 | Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers — Part 2: Determination of activation energy |
| ISO 11358-3 | Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers — Part 3: Determination of the activation energy using the Ozawa-Friedman plot and analysis of the reaction kinetics |
| ISO 11359 | Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) — Part 1: General principles |
| ISO 11359-1 | Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) — Part 1: General principles |
| ISO 11359-2 | Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) — Part 2: Determination of coefficient of linear thermal expansion and glass transition temperature |
| ISO 11359-3 | Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) — Part 3: Determination of penetration temperature |
| ISO 11443 | Determination of the fluidity of plastics using capillary and slit-die rheometers |
| ISO 1183 | Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics |
| ISO 1183-1 | Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method |
| ISO 1183-2 | Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 2: Density gradient column method |
| ISO 1183-3 | Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 3: Gas pyknometer method |
| ISO 15512 | Determination of water content |
| ISO 178 | Determination of flexural properties |
| ISO 180 | Determination of izod impact strength |
| ISO 2039-1 | Determination of hardness — Part 1: Ball indentation method |
| ISO 2039-2 | Determination of hardness — Part 2: Rockwell hardness |
| ISO 306 | Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) |
| ISO 3146 | Determination of melting behaviour (melting temperature or melting range) of semi-crystalline polymers by capillary tube and polarizing-microscope methods |
| ISO 3451 | Determination of ash |
| ISO 3451-1 | Determination of ash — Part 1: General methods |
| ISO 3451-2 | Determination of ash — Part 2: Poly(alkylene terephthalate) materials |
| ISO 3451-3 | Determination of ash — Part 3: Unplasticized cellulose acetate |
| ISO 3451-4 | Determination of ash — Part 4: Polyamides |
| ISO 3451-5 | Determination of ash — Part 5: Poly(vinyl chloride) |
| ISO 489 | Determination of refractive index |
| ISO 4892 | Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources |
| ISO 4892-1 | Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 1: General guidance |
| ISO 4892-2 | Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps |
| ISO 4892-3 | Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 3: Fluorescent UV lamps |
| ISO 4892-4 | Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 4: Open-flame carbon-arc lamps |
| ISO 527 | Determination of tensile properties |
| ISO 527-1 | Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles |
| ISO 527-2 | Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics |
| ISO 527-3 | Determination of tensile properties — Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets |
| ISO 527-4 | Determination of tensile properties — Part 4: Test conditions for isotropic and orthotropic fibre-reinforced plastic composites |
| ISO 527-5 | Determination of tensile properties — Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fibre-reinforced plastic composites |
| ISO 604 | Determination of compressive properties |
| ISO 6603 | Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics |
| ISO 6603-1 | Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics — Part 1: Non-instrumented impact testing |
| ISO 6603-2 | Determination of puncture impact behaviour of rigid plastics — Part 2: Instrumented impact testing |
| ISO 75-1 | Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 1: General test method |
| ISO 75-2 | Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 2: Plastics and ebonite |
| ISO 75-3 | Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 3: High-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastics |
| ISO 7765 | Determination of impact resistance by the free-falling dart method |
| ISO 7765-1 | Determination of impact resistance by the free-falling dart method — Part 1: Staircase methods |
| ISO 7765-2 | Determination of impact resistance by the free-falling dart method — Part 2: Instrumented puncture test |
| SAE J1885 | Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Interior Trim Components Using a Controlled Irradiance Water Cooled Xenon-Arc Apparatus(Cancelled Jan 2008, Superseded by J2412_201508) |
| SAE J1960 | Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using a Controlled Irradiance Water-Cooled Xenon Arc Apparatus(Cancelled Jan 2008, Superseded by J2527_201709) |
| SAE J2020 | Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using a Fluorescent UV and Condensation Apparatus |
| SAE J2412 | Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Interior Trim Components Using a Controlled Irradiance Xenon-Arc Apparatus |
| SAE J2527 | Performance Based Standard for Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Exterior Materials Using a Controlled Irradiance Xenon-Arc Apparatus |
Si la norma que busca no aparece listada contáctenos.